颠覆中心 消解对峙——论《八月之光》对“逻各斯中心主义”及二元对立论的批判

Subversion of Centrism and Dispelling of Confrontation On Criticism of Logocentrism and Duality of Antitheses Opposite in Light in August

从古希腊至20世纪初,西方意识形态一直是由逻各斯中心主义以及由此派生的二元对立存在论所主导。人们习惯于用二元对立存在的思维模式和心理常态来看待世界,规范社会,因而使得"主—客"二元对立观念无处不在。现代主义文学大师福克纳透过《八月之光》的光谱照显出了美国旧南方社会机体里一切弊病的深层病灶及其"病原体"——逻各斯中心主义及其衍生而来的白人至上主义和男性中心主义在社会成员之间所形成的不同形态的"主—客"群体结构对峙,动摇了逻各斯中心主义千年堡垒的根基,为西方文坛和思想文化领域构筑起了一幢人文主义的宏伟大厦。

From the ancient Hellenic era up to the early 20th century,western ideology remained dominated by logocentrism and its derivation,ontology of dual antitheses opposite,the thinking mode in which people were used to cognize and define the world and discipline and ritualize society,thus resulting in the ubiquity of subject-object-duality of antitheses opposite.Through the spectra of Light in August,William Faulkner,master of modernist literature,transilluminates the deep focus of all social diseases in the US Old South and diagnoses the 'pathogens',logo-centrism and its mutations,white-supremacism and androcentrism,which result in varieties of subject-object-duality of antitheses opposite between different ethnic,gender and class groups among the social members,thus quaking the foundation of its bimillennium-long stronghold and reconstructing the grand notion of humanism in the western literature and ideology.