人文与科学教育关系影响下的高等教育发展

Development of Higher Education under the Influence of the Struggle between Science Education and Humanism Education

人文主义与科学主义教育思想是影响近现代高等教育发展的两大教育思潮。两者大致经过了人文主义鼎盛期、科学主义萌生成长期、冲突分裂期、走向融合期四个此消彼长、聚散离合的历史阶段。受其制约和影响,高等教育在教育目的、课程设置、教学内容、教学方式、职能演变等方面也相应发生了巨大变化。研究梳理人文与科学两大教育思潮演变的历史关系,必将有助于探求高等教育的发展规律,预测高等教育未来的发展走向。

Humanism education and science education are the two main trends in the development of modern higher education, which have undergone four historical stages, namely the period of the full bloom of humanism education, the period of the budding and developing of science education, the period of the conflict between the two, and the period of the merging of the two. And, in the process, great changes have been effected in the purpose of education, curriculum design, teaching content, teaching method, and function of education. Study of historical relationship between these two educational trends will be of great help to the exploration of the law of higher education development and the anticipation of its future development.