从促就业的政策到保就业率的对策——对高校毕业生“被就业”现象的分析

From Policies of Promoting Employment to Measures to Ensure Employment Rate: An Analysis of the Falsification in Graduate Employment

促进高校毕业生就业政策具有目标的低冲突性和手段的高模糊性特征,属于试验性执行,街道层执行者的权力和资源在此过程中发挥重要作用。高校是促进高校毕业生就业政策的街道层执行者,他们从政府授权中获得了自由裁量空间并受制于上级部门的规则。但由于现实资源的稀缺,高校实际的就业促进行为可能会超出其自由裁量界限,而规则对这种行为的控制力非常有限。

Based on an analysis of the characteristics of the employment policies, this paper discusses the causes of the falsification in graduate employment. It points out that because of the low conflictiveness in target and the high vagueness in means, the employment policies have the feature of experimental implementation in which the power and resources of street-level executants play an important role. As the street-level cxecutants of the policies, universities have their own discretionary space and are also restricted by the regulation from their higher authorities. Their actual behavior, however, may exceed the limits of their discretion because the regulation has little control over their behavior as a result of the scarce resources.