从“后主词”到“六一词”——浅谈“士大夫词”破土前的准备

From "Hou Zhu Ci" to "Liu Yi Ci":A Preparation for the Emerging of "Scholar-bureaucrats′ Ci"

自王国维于《人间词话》中认为词至李后主"遂变伶工之词而为士大夫之词"后,世人皆以为士大夫词自李后主始。其实,士大夫词具有其自身独特文学特征,而且必须产生在特定的历史文化背景下,以上条件是李煜词作所不具备的。真正的"士大夫词"从李煜到柳永,一直到欧阳修,必须经过一个漫长而复杂的准备过程,才能破土而出。

WANG Guo-wei once said in his ＂Ren Jian Ci Hua＂ that LI Houzhu′s time was the milestone for Ci to ＂change from the ci composed by musicians to ci composed by scholar-bureaucrats＂.Since then,people generally believed that the scholar-bureaucrats′ ci began from LI Houzhu.As a matter of fact,the scholar-bureaucrats′ ci with its special literary characteristics could not come into being unless under the background of particular history and culture,for which,however,the ci composed by LI Yu（LI Houzhu） was not qualified.The ci which deserved the name of scholar-bureaucrats′ ci has undergone a long and complicated preparation from LI Yu to LIU Yong,onto OUYANG Xiu before the emergence of it.