渭北旱塬不同种植年限苹果园土壤水分的变化特征

Characteristics of soil moisture change of apple orchards of different plangting years in Weibei dryland

对渭北旱塬不同种植年限和不同产量苹果园的土壤垂直深度含水量进行了研究。结果表明,不同种植年限的果园中,0-1 m的土层水分变化明显,随土壤深度的增加土壤含水量下降较快;在1-2 m土层中,含水量随土壤深度加深逐渐降低,随种植年限的增加也逐渐降低,且变化明显;2-8 m土层中各种植年限的不同深度土壤含水量变化不大,种植年限越长含水量越小,且不同年限果园之间的差异明显;10-15 m土层的含水量随种植年限增加土壤含水量逐渐降低,差异明显。不同产量园中,0-2 m土层,产量越高的果园土壤含水量越大,随着土壤深度的增加含水量先升高后降低;2-8 m土层中含水量较稳定,没有剧烈波动,8-10 m土壤出现含水层;10-15 m土层含水量在15%左右,波动不大。

Study was conducted on water content of different soil depth in apple orchards of different cultivation years and different yields in the Loess Plateau which belongs to arid and semiarid areas in China.The results showed that,in apple orchards of different cultivation years,the water content in 0～1 m soil layer changed significantly,and it decreased rapidly with the increase of soil depth;the water content in 1～2 m soil layer decreased with the increase of soil depth and cultivation years;the water content in 2～8 m soil layer changed little in different soil depth,but decreased significantly with the increase of cultivation years;and the water content in 10～15 m soil layer decreased gradually with the increase of cultivation years.In the orchards of different yields,the water content in 0～2 m soil layer dreased with the increase of yields,and it increased first and decreased then with the increase of soil depth;the water content in 2～8 m depth stabilized without violent fluctuation,and it was an aquifer in 8～10 m depth,while the water content in 10～15 m depth was 15% without much fluctuation.