添加燃煤脱硫废弃物和专用改良剂对碱化土壤和水稻生长的影响

Effects of flue gas desulfurization gypsum and krilium addition on alkali soil and rice growth

基于大田试验,通过测定土壤理化性质和水稻成活率、株高和产量等,研究了燃煤脱硫废弃物(简称脱硫废弃物)和3种专业改良剂添加对碱化土壤的改良效果。结果表明:脱硫废弃物和改良剂配合施用显著提高了土壤有机质和养分含量,一定程度上降低了碱化度、pH和全盐含量,使水稻成活率、株高和产量分别提高了30.9%、36.3%和64.8%以上;改良剂Ⅲ施用后碱化度降低幅度最大,表现出最高的水稻产量;改良剂Ⅰ的3个施用量水平间,11.25 t/hm2的施用量下有机质和速效K含量显著增加,表现出最高的水稻产量。以上结果表明,脱硫废弃物和改良剂及其配合施用一定程度上改善了土壤性质,从而有利于水稻的生长和发育。此外,改良剂Ⅲ在降低土壤碱化度和提高水稻产量上的效果最佳,但这需要经进一步的试验验证。

Based on field experiment,changes in soil properties,including organic matter, total N,alkali-hydrolyzasable N,available P,available K,pH,exchangeable sodium percentage（ESP） and total salt,and rice characters including survival rate,individual height and yield were investigated to study the effects of flue gas desulfurization gypsum（FGDG） and krilium addition on alkali soil and their indirect effects on rice growth.The results showed that： the addition of FGDG and krilium increased greatly soil organic matter and nutrients content,and increased the survival rate,individual height and yield of rice by over 30.9%,36.3% and 64.8%,respectively,while they decreased soil ESP,pH and total salt content at a certain extent;among three Krilium types,Type Ⅲ had the most significant effect on soil ESP decrease,possibly resulting in the highest yield of rice;between three levels of Krilium TypeⅠapplication,the plant with 11.25 t/hm2 of addition had the highest organic matter and available K content,which might be more favorable for rice growth,showing the highest yeild.Our findings indicated that the addition of FGDG and krilium improved soil properties,possibly being conducive to rice growth.Additionaly,Krilium Type Ⅲ decreased soil ESP greatly,which resulted direactly in high yield of rice.However,it still needs further experiment to test the effect of Krilium Type Ⅲ and its application technique.