我国城市经济增长效率与城市化效率比较分析

Comparative analysis to the efficiency between urban economic growth and urbanization in China

利用数据包络分析的曼奎斯特指数方法测算了2000-2008年我国248个城市的经济增长效率和城市化效率,比较分析了不同区域、不同等级城市的效率表现。研究发现,我国城市经济增长效率持续提高,但城市化长期处于低效率状态,严重滞后于经济增长;地级市两种效率的初始领先地位已逐渐被直辖市所取代;东部地区城市的效率表现优于其他地区,但不同等级城市之间差异较大,城市化严重滞后和轻微滞后的城市数量都比较多。认为通过合理的空间规划和产业引导,提高城市化效率、促进城市化与国民经济增长协调发展,是下一阶段城市发展要解决的关键问题。

Based on DEA and Malmquist Index, this article measures the growth efficiency of urban economy and urbanization efficiency for 248 cities of China, using the data from 2000 to 2008. And also, this article analyzes the efficiency outcome on different regions and levels comparatively. The results show that the growth efficiency of urban economy improves con- tinuously while the urbanization is inefficient and falls behind the economy growth. The initial leading position of district cities in two kinds of efficiencies has been replaced by municipalities. The cities of eastern China perform higher efficiency than other regions, and the quantities of cities with serious and slight under urbanization are not small. In the next stage of urban development, rational spatial planning and industries guidance are the key issue to promote interaction between urbanization and national economy growth harmoniously.