雷州市黄胸鼠对杀鼠灵的抗药性调查

Resistance of Rattus tanezumi to warfarin in Leizhou city

目的检测捕自广东省雷州市的黄胸鼠在应用第二代抗凝血灭鼠剂数年后对第一代药物的抗性发生水平。方法将捕自雷州市郊的黄胸鼠室内预饲一段时间后,选择合格试鼠,配制0.005%杀鼠灵毒饵采用无选择性摄食试验法饲毒(LFP法),观察并分析试鼠的死亡率与食毒量的关系。结果黄胸鼠抗性检测合格试鼠共36只,检测结束后试鼠因药物死亡32只,试鼠对杀鼠灵的抗性发生率为11.11%,接近抗性种群形成临界水平;死亡试鼠性别间在致死剂量和死亡时间上差异无统计学意义(df=30,Pd=0.987,Pt=0.971);全部死亡试鼠平均食毒剂量(115.71±53.84)mg/kg,平均死亡时间(7.2±2.4)d。结论在抗凝血灭鼠剂的使用过程中要定期监测害鼠对药物的敏感度变化趋势,为药物灭鼠的选择提供依据,以节省有限的药物资源。

Objective To measure the resistance of Rattus tanezumi to the 1st generation agent after their exposure to the 2nd generation anticoagulant rodenticides for several years in Leizhou city, Guangdong province. Methods Rats captured in Leizhou suburb were raised indoor for days. Eligible rodents were subject to non-selective feeding test using 0.005% warfarin baits. The relationship between the mortality and intakes was recorded and analyzed. Results Among 36 eligible rodents, 32 died from the consumption of agents. The development of warfarin resistance in the subjects, 11.11%, was close to the critical level of development of population resistance. There was no significant difference in the lethal dose and lethal time between male and female rats （df=30, Pd=0.987, Pt=0.971）. The average volume of toxicant intake was （115.71±53.84） mg/kg for dead rats, with the average lethal time of （7.2±2.4） d. Conclusion The changing trends of rodent sensitivity to anticoagulant rodenticides should be regularly monitored during the application of these agents for economically optimizing the use of drugs.