区域校企合作申请专利的网络图谱分析

Network map analysis of university-firm's co-application for patents

校企联合申请的专利是高校"试验、技术"型成果与企业"生产、市场"型需求对接的桥梁。本文使用可视化的社会网络分析法,从区域层面剖析1985年以来,校企联合申请量的三个演化阶段,合作中心由北京"一枝独秀"到上海、浙江等地"百花齐放"的动态趋势转变;技术层面以国际分类号为标准,揭示最近备受校企关注的技术领域,特别是高新领域的合作分布;高校层面考察清华大学、北京大学、上海交通大学等联合申请较多的校企合作布局,各校的多元合作方式为其它高校提供了借鉴。合作网络图挖掘了合作领域的技术优势。联合申请的全面统计为校企寻找合作伙伴提供了线索,也为产学研中的知识商业化部分提供了理论参考。

University-firm＇s co-application patents can reflect the correspondence between scientific achievements from universities and business requirement of enterprises.These patents are analyzed with the method of intuitive and flexible social network graph.The joint application is divided into three dynamic stages from the angle of different geographic region since 1985.And the trends of cooperation center changed from taking Beijing as the only center to diversification including shanghai,Zhejiang and many other provinces.According to the standards for IPC,the distribution network depicts a series of high-profile co-application patents,especially in the high technology areas.And it also reveals those universities represented by Tsinghua University,Peking University and etc have co-applied for most patents since 2000.The comprehensive statistics provide new clues for both of universities and enterprises that search for collaborative partners in some specific technological area.The implications from the study provide the reference to the policy makers and firms in China.