PAHs污染土壤生物修复强化技术研究进展

Research progress in enhanced bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contaminated soil

为提高生物修复多环芳烃(PAHs)污染土壤的效率,从PAHs生物修复的原理和强化措施出发,综述了PAHs污染土壤生物修复的物理化学强化技术和生物强化技术,分析了各种技术的原理与适用条件,提出了植物强化微生物修复足PAHs污染土壤生物修复的重要发展方向。在进行强化修复的过程中,要注重现场应用和安全性评价。

This paper is aimed to present a general review on the enhanced measures to the bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contaminated soil. Polyeyelic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） are well known as a group of persistent organic pollutants （POPs） and more than 90% of PAHs present in the soil, which are toxic to the environment and pose as a hazard in food chain to human health. Bioremediation technology is the primary method to treat the PAHs contaminated soil and the enhanced measures of bioremediation treatment are essential to improve the degradation rate and adapt to the needs of field application. Referring to the reported literature at home and abroad in recent years, this paper comes out with a detail introduction and discussion on the principles and application of physical- chemical and biological based enhancement. The enhanced measures of physical-chemical included the application of surfaetants, nutrient addition and co-metabolic substrate addition as well as the electron acceptors addition and utilization of chemical oxidants. The enhanced measures of bioremediation included the addition of highly efficient PAH-degrading bacteria and immobilization of bacteria, utilization of mycorrhizal fungi and application of bio-surfactants. The combined remediation of phytoremediation and microorganism on the PAHs contaminated soil is an important direction of development and field application technology. At the same time, safety evaluation in the process of enhanced bioremediation is necessary in order to avoid new pollution and other security risks to happen.