权变管理理论在美沙酮维持治疗中的应用

The effect of surgical patients′ application of self-made multi-functional posture supporting mat

权变管理理论（contingency management theory）是20世纪60年代末70年代初在美国经验主义学派基础上发展起来的管理理论。权变理论认为,在组织管理中要根据组织所处的环境和内部条件的发展变化随机应变,没有什么一成不变的、普遍适用的、最好的管理理论和方法。

Objective To make surgery patients comfortable,fully exposed to the surgical field,to avoid the complications caused by improper posture placing.Methods Placing posture supporting mats（using selfmade cotton jacket with built-in hard sponge to make into different shape： triangular,rectangular,cylinder,semi-circular） under the surgical patients′ back,arms,chest,wrist,knee,ankle and other parts,to maintain correct and effective surgical posture for operation.Results The stability of the surgical posture,doctors′ satisfaction and patients′ comfort were significantly improved,while the time for posture replacement in operation and the possibility of complications were reduced.Conclusions The self-made multi-functional posture supporting mat is the ideal aid for placement of surgical patients posture.