苦木不同部位挥发性化学成分研究

Study of Volatile Chemical Constituents in Different Parts of Picrasma quassioides

目的:应用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)分析苦木不同部位的挥发性化学成分。方法:采用微波辅助顶空固相微萃取技术分别提取苦木叶柄、叶和枝的主要挥发性化学成分,用气相色谱-质谱法与Kovats色谱保留指数相结合进行定性定量分析。结果:从苦木的叶柄、叶片和枝中分别鉴定出84,76,60个组分,分别占挥发油总峰面积的97.247%,97.179%,97.141%,在叶柄中主要成分香芹酚(5.201%),麝香草酚(6.185%),反式-丁香烯(6.562%),α-佛手柑油烯(6.295%),反-β-金合欢烯(5.088%),枯茗醇(10.807%),β-甜没药烯(6.136%)。叶片中主要成分是反式-丁香烯(7.017%),α-佛手柑油烯(7.848%),反-β-金合欢烯(8.297%),枯茗醇(10.728%),β-甜没药烯(7.150%),(-)-石竹烯氧化物(5.094%)。而在枝中主要是反式-丁香烯(5.530%,α-佛手柑油烯(9.997%),反-β-金合欢烯(7.994%),枯茗醇(15.416%),β-甜没药烯(12.733%)。结论:苦木叶柄、叶和枝所含挥发性成分差异较大。

Objective：To analyze and compare the volatile constituents which were extracted from the differ-ent parts of Picrasma quassioides.Method：The volatile components were extracted from the different parts of P.quassioides by the methods of MAE-HS-SPME and the chemical components of them were identified by GC-MS and Kovats retention index.Result：Eight-four volatile constituents in the petiole,76 in the leaf blade and 60 in the branch of P.quassioides were separated and identified,Accounting for 97.247%,97.179% and 97.141% of the to-tal peak areas,respectively.Which is the main component in petiole carvacrol（5.201%）,thymol（6.185%）,trans-caryophyllene（6.562%）,alpha-bergamotene（6.295%）,trans-beta-farnesene（5.088%）,cuminol（10.807%）,beta-bisabolene 6.136%）.And in the leaf blade trans-caryophyllene（7.017%）,alpha-bergamotene（7.848%）,trans-beta-farnesene（8.297%）,cuminol（10.728%）,beta-bisabolene（7.150%）,（-）-caryophyllene oxide（5.094%）.And in the branch trans—caryophyllene（5.530%）,alpha-bergamotene（9.997%）,trans-beta-far-nesene（7.994%）,cuminol（15.416%）,beta-bisabolene（12.733%）.Conclusion：Contain volatile components in the petiole,leaf blade and branch three parts of P.quassioides are quite different.