黑水鸡卵壳超微结构的扫描电镜观察

OBSERVATION ON THE EGGSHELL ULTRASTRUCTURE OF MOORHEN WITH THE SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY

黑水鸡卵壳的扫描电镜观察表明，壳膜层由膜带状，沟状和线状纤维构成。纤维上有球状、茬状芽突和纤维孔，有的纤维伸向锥体内，可能参与气孔的形成；乳锥层的锥体为多角形，锥突有盘状花瓣状多种形态，有纤维锚连其上，锥核也有多种；柱状层气孔管内有球形塞和膜状横隔，有助于控制气流；表层下尚有块状结晶层。

The eggshell ultrastructure of Moorhen( Gallinula chlorpus )was observed with the scanning electron microscopy.It is mainly composed of shell-membrane,mamillary cone,column,block crystal and outer layers.The fibres are in groove membrane and line form.They interweave into net and arrange in layers,and the membrane can usually be divided into 2 layers,the inner compact one and the outer loose one.There are some bud-projections,ball,stubble ones and fibre pores on the fibres.Some fibres,go into the shell,may participate in the membrane-wall of the gaspore.Some ones anchor to the cone projections.The mammillary cone layer is composed of cone bodies,core and cone projections with some anchoring fibres.The body is polygon,on whch there are some different cone projections for the fibres to anchor.The inner mouths of the pore are small or large between the bodies,and some may be the core.The column is the thickest of the layers.There are many pores in the column for ventilation during the embryo develops.There are some septum and ball pistons in the pore tube to control the airflow for warming the air and protecting the developmental embryo from the bacteria.The block crystal layer is composed of prism calcite crystal and adhere loosely to the column.It is easy broken into pieces apart from the column.The outer layer is thin.There are some pore mouths on it.The calcite crystal ball,with organic material,form a cover layer to close the pore,and the surface of eggshell is rough with many projections.There is protein membrane produced by the oviduct to protect from bacteria and water loss.