巨大儿206例的影响因素分析

目的探讨巨大儿的危险因素,为避免巨大儿的发生和为临床提前干预提供可靠的理论依据。方法选取2008年8月～2010年1月间进行产前检查并住院分娩的巨大儿(体质量≥4000g)206例为研究组。并与同期分娩体质量2500～4000g的新生儿200例作为对照组。结果研究组产妇的孕周、孕产次、体质量、宫高、腹高明显高于对照组(P<0.01);研究组产妇胎位异常、妊娠期糖尿病或妊娠期糖耐量减低的发生率明显增加(P<0.01);研究组分娩方式中,剖宫产率及产钳助产率明显高于正常体质量儿组(P<0.05);研究组产后出血、宫缩乏力、新生儿窒息均显著高于对照组,差异具有显著性(P<0.05),其中肩难产发生率明显增加(P<0.01)。结论孕妇的孕周、产次、体质量、糖代谢异常、宫高、腹高与巨大儿发生有关。巨大儿可增加母婴并发症,应积极进行早期预防,正确产前诊断并采用恰当的分娩方式。

Objective To investigate the risk factors of children with macrosomia infant in order to avoid the occurrence and clinical advance and provide a reliable theoretical basis for intervention.Methods August 2008 to January 2010 in our hospital for prenatal care and hospital delivery macrosomia infant（body mass ≥ 4000g） 206 cases of study group.And compared with birth weight 2500～4000g of newborns as a control group of 200 cases.Results The study group of maternal gestational age,maternal time,body weight,fundal height,abdominal height was higher（P0.01）;study group of maternal fetal anomalies,gestational diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance during pregnancy were significantly increased（P0.01）;The study group of children in the mode of delivery,forceps delivery and cesarean section rate was significantly higher than children with normal weight group（P0.05）.Study group of postpartum hemorrhage,uterine atony,asphyxia were significantly higher than,the difference was significant（P0.05）,which significantly increased the incidence of shoulder dystocia（P0.01）.Conclusion Pregnant women,gestational age,parity,body mass,abnormal glucose metabolism,high palace,abdominal height and the occurrence of macrosomia infant.Macrosomia infant increase maternal and fetal complications children should be active early prevention,prenatal diagnosis and the correct use of appropriate mode of delivery.