3Maklebust J Interrupting the pressure ulcer cvcle[J]. Nurs Clia North Am. 1999,34(4):861-871.
4Perneger TV, Heliot C, Rae AC a at. Hospital acquired pressure ulcers:risk factors and use of preventive devices[J]. Arch Intern Med,1998,158(7):1940-1945.
5Witkowski JA, parish LC. Histopathology of the decubitus ulcer [J]. J Am Acad Dermato, 1982,6 : 1014-1021.
6Klitzman B,Kaliaowski C,Glasofer SL et al . Pressure ulcers and pressure relief surfaces[J ]. Clin Pinst Surg, 1998,25(3):443-450.
7Reuler JB, Cooney TG. The pressure sore: pathophysiology and principles of management [J]. Ann Intern Med, 1981, 94 : 661-666.
8Goidstein B, Sanders J. Skin response to repetitive mechanical stress: s new experimental model in pig[J]. Arch Phys Med Rehsbil. 1998,79(3) :285-272.
9Carlson EV,Kemp MG.Shott S. Predicting the risk of pressure ulcers in critically ill patients[J] Am Crit Care.1999,8(4):262-269.
10Holmes R. Nutrition know how,combating prssure sores.nutrtionally[J], Am J Nurs, 1987,87:1301-1303.
2Dorraine Watts,Elizabeth Abrahams,Carol MacMillan,et al.Insultafter injury:Pressure ulcers in trauma patients[J].OrthopaedicNursing,1998,17(4):84-92.
3叶碧芳.实用伤口护理[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,2000:28-30.
4Gelis A, Duperon A, Plegros, et al. Pressure ulcer risk factors in persons with SCI [ J ]. Spinal Cord ,2009,47 (2) :99 - 107.
5Mortenson WB, Miller WC. A review of scales for assessing the risk of developing a pressure ulcer in individuals with SCI [ J ]. Spinal Cord ,2008,46 ( 3 ) : 168 - 175.
6Gelis A. Pressure ulcer risk factors in persons with spinal cord injury [J]. Spinal Cord,2009,47(9) :651 -652.
7Salzberg CA, Byme DN, Cayten CG. Why Full- time Power Wheelohoir Users Tilt [ J ]. et. al. Am J Phys Med Rehabil, 1996,75:96 - 104.
8Vaishampayan A. Preventing pressure ulcers in people with spi- nal cord injury: targeting risky life circumstances through cornmunity - based interventions [ J ]. Adv Skin Wound Care, 2011, 24(6) :275 -84.
9BelJ L,Cox B. Evaluation of and caring for patients with pressure ulcers[J].Am Jcrit Care,2008,(04):348.
10Elliott B,McKialey S,Fox V. Quality improvement program to reduce the prevalence of pressure ulcers in an intensive care unit[J].American Journal of Critical Care,2008,(04):328-334.