2000-2009年浙江省绍兴县麻疹流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of measles in Shaoxing county of Zhejiang province,2000-2009

目的分析浙江省绍兴县2000-2009年麻疹流行病学特征,探讨控制麻疹措施。方法采用描述流行病学方法对法定传染病报告系统和麻疹监测系统资料进行分析。结果绍兴县2000-2009年共报告麻疹病例1008例,年平均发病率为11.15/10万。3-6月为麻疹发病高峰,本县外来务工人员积聚地区为高发乡镇。<5岁的儿童以<1岁儿童发病率最高。≥15岁的成年人以20～25岁人群发病率最高。结论麻疹减毒活疫苗(MV)常规免疫接种率和首剂及时接种率不高,是麻疹小年龄组高发的主要原因。提高易感人群MV免疫覆盖率,适时开展重点对象的MV强化免疫是控制、消除麻疹的有效手段。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Shaoxing from 2000 to 2009 and provide evidence for the development of measles elimination strategies and measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the incidence data of measles reported through notifiable communicable disease reporting system and measles surveillance system. Results A total of 1008 measles cases were reported in Shaoxing during this period,the average annual incidence was 11.15/lakh. The incidence peak was during March-June of a year. The disease mainly occurred in the area where floating population lived. Among the age group of5 years old,the incidence was highest in children aged1 years,and Among the age group of ≥15 years old,the incidence was highest in people aged 20-25 years. Conclusion Low coverage of routine measles vaccination and low vaccination rate of the first dose vaccine were the main causes of the high incidence of measles in young children. The effective way to control and eliminate measles is increasing the measles vaccination coverage in susceptible population and conducting the supplementary immunization activity of measles in risk targeted population at suitable time.