基于结构方程模型的广州城市社区居民出行行为

A SEM-based Study on Urban Community Resident's Travel Behavior in Guangzhou

基于行为主义的视角,从微观的社区层面研究城市居民的出行行为。选取广州市的3个城市社区作为案例,以218个样本数据库为基础,根据研究的侧重点不同分别建立两个结构方程模型,拟合各变量之间的路径关系。其中居民出行选择的结构方程模型重点分析居民属性、居住区位与居民出行目的、出行时间、出行方式等出行偏好之间的关系。居民出行决策的结构方程模型则模拟居民的出行决策过程。结果显示:居民之间由于自身属性不同在出行选择和出行偏好上存在差异,居民出行行为中居民属性和居住区位是根本,出行目的是关键,居民出行行为可以概括为"属性决定目的,目的影响行动"。此外,居民的出行行为有其复杂的作用机制和决策路径,居民的出行决策过程可以解读为性别决策子系统、年龄决策子系统、收入决策子系统和居住区位决策子系统等4个决策子系统,各子系统中路径作用的不同使居民属性和居住区位对居民出行决策产生多重多向的效应,在复合系统的影响下城市社区居民表现出差异化的出行行为。

From the perspective of behaviorism,the travel behavior of the urban resident is explored at the community scale.An example of Guangzhou is discussed and 218 samples from three communities are provided.Two Structural Equation Models（SEM） are developed respectively to explore the path relationships between various variables.Moreover,the mechanism of interaction between attributes and travel behaviors of residents are presented.The results indicate the distinctions between different urban residents＇travel behaviors which result from various residents＇ attributes and community locations.Generally speaking,the travel pattern,travel timetable and travel frequency are influenced by travel motivation,which is determined by the residents＇ attributes and community location.Among all of the variables,residents＇attributes and community location are the fundamental variables,while the former is the key variable.What＇s more,residents＇attributes and community location have a significant impact on travel decision-making of the residents through four sub-path systems.The Gender Sub-path presents that females conduct more non-work trips which raise travel frequency.The Age Sub-path suggests that the older residents prefer a low-cost travel mode with more non-work travel intentions,thus their travel frequency is increased.The Income Sub-path indicates that the work trip plays a significant role in daily travel of high-income residents who prefer the high-cost travel mode,and as a result,their travel frequency is decreased.The Community Location Sub-path indicates that the residents in suburban communities care more about travel expenses than the residents in the city center;hence,the reduction of non-work trips will decrease their travel frequency.