基于中耳与耳蜗集成有限元模型的耳声传递模拟

FEM Simulation of Sound Transmission Based on Integrated Model of Middle Ear and Cochlea

建立外耳道、中耳和简化耳蜗集成的有限元模型,包含中耳和耳蜗结构、耳道和中耳腔内的空气以及耳蜗内的液体。采用声-结构耦合动力学分析,计算声音由外耳道向内耳的传递过程,获得了鼓膜、镫骨足板的位移、中耳的声压增益、前庭阶的压力分布,同时也模拟了基底膜自蜗底至顶端的频率选择特性。计算结果与相关文献的实验结果具有较好的一致性,说明本模型对中耳传声功能模拟的准确性。结果表明,改进的耳蜗模型可为耳蜗运动功能模拟的探索提供更充分和合理的信息。

This paper developed a 3D FEA model consisting of external canal,middle ear and life-size cochlea.The structures in middle ear and cochlea,the air in the ear canal and middle ear cavity,the fluid in the cochlea were included in this model.We applied the acoustics-structure coupled FE analysis to simulate sound transmission from external canal to cochlea.The displacements of tympanic membrane and stapes footplate,the sound pressure gain of middle ear were acquired and the frequency sensitivity of the basilar membrane motion along the length of the basilar membrane from basal turn to the apex was predicted.The satisfactory agreements between the model and experimental data in the literature indicate the middle ear functions were well simulated by the present model,and the improved cochlear model can provide sufficient information for further work on unraveling cochlear function.