振幅衰减法分频自动识别和压制异常能量道

Automatic Recognition and Suppression of Abnormal Energy Seismic Trace by Method for Amplitude Attenuation and Frequency Division

根据未作振幅补偿处理的异常能量道和正常地震道的振幅衰减曲线分析对比,发现消除面波影响的正常地震道的振幅衰减比异常能量道的大得多,可采用地震道结束和开始处的相同长度时窗内的平均绝对值振幅之比作为衡量振幅衰减的标尺来识别异常能量道。异常能量集中在某个频率及其附近,可对分频数据采用前述衡量振幅衰减的标尺来识别和剔除异常能量。近年来的地震资料处理表明:振幅衰减法分频自动识别和压制异常能量道的方法行之有效,对低信噪比地区采集的三维资料处理具有重要意义。

According to the comparison of amplitude attenuation curves between abnormal energy seismic tract and normal seismic tract without amplitude compensation,it is suggested that the amplitude attenuation of normal seismic trace after eliminating the influence of surface wave is much greater than the abnormal energy seismic trace.The latter can be recognized by means of average absolute value amplitude ratio within the same window length at the beginning and the end of seismic traces as the scale for the amplitude attenuation.When the abnormal energy concentrates at or near a frequency,it can be recognized and eliminated by the scale in frequency division data.The recent-year seismic data processing indicates that the automatic recognition and suppression of abnormal energy seismic trace by method for amplitude attenuation and frequency division is feasible and significant,especially for the processing of 3D seismic data acquired at low signal-to-noise ratio area.