国外城市社区空间环境与犯罪关系理论研究综述

Review of Theoretical Research of Relationship between Crime and Overseas Urban Communities Environment

本文系统阐述了国外CPTED(通过环境设计预防犯罪)理论的发展阶段及研究成果,内容涵盖了从宏观层面的城市犯罪空间分布研究到微观层面的社区空间环境要素与犯罪关系研究,并对实证研究的典型案例进行深入分析。通过对相关理论研究文献进行分析表明:国外CPTED理论的研究与实践涉及多学科的交流与融合,完成了由宏观到微观的跨越。国外社区空间环境要素,如领域感、监视性、空间维护、入口控制等与犯罪存在显著关联,强化这些要素表象,可以有效地抑制社区犯罪的发生。

This paper systematically expounds the theory of CPTED＇s development and research outcomes. It has covered from the macro-level study of the spatial distribution of urban crimes to the micro-level research of relationship between crimes and communities＇ spatial elements, as well as a typical case study carried out in a deep analysis. The relevant theoretical research shows that CPTED theory research and practice aboard are related to the exchange and integration of multi- disciplines, and complete a leap from the macro to the micro level. Elements of the environmental space, such as territoriality, surveillance, maintenance, access control and so on all have significant associations with crimes, and by strengthening the appearance of these elements, community crimes can be effectively controlled.