黄海西部沿岸流系特征分析及其对物质输运的影响

Characteristics of the Western Coastal Current of the Yellow Sea and Its Impacts on Material Transportation

黄海西部沿岸是我国人类活动和海洋经济开发较为集中的地带,陆地和海洋相互作用较为强烈,其特殊的地形和所处的独特地理位置,使得该海域的环流复杂多变,沿岸海域各水团与陆架锋以及长江口东北部的锋面一起构成了黄海西部特有的环流体系和背景场,对该海域的物质输运和扩散、海水运动以及海洋生物地球化学过程产生影响,并制约着沿岸海域对污染物的净化能力。在总结前人研究成果的基础上,较为系统地分析总结了黄海西部沿岸各流系或水团的配置、特性及其与传统上认定的黄海西部沿岸流主体的关系,在鲁南沿岸的流场布局、夏季江苏外海沿岸区域存在北向流等方面获得了一些新的认识,并阐述了各沿岸流系对物质输运的影响,分析了台湾暖流北上在物质输运中的作用。针对当前黄海西部沿岸流系定量研究中的不足,指出应通过建立沿岸流观测系统、采取新的技术手段和调查方式并利用相关数据挖掘技术分析现场调查和卫星遥感数据,提取出各水团及锋面的环境要素特征值,以此为基础模式,开展各沿岸流系的划分方法研究,判定陆架锋与黄海西部沿岸流的依存关系,建立沿岸流物质输运影响的评价方法,定量评估沿岸流物质输运扩散对近岸海洋环境的影响以及在物质收支循环中的作用,揭示黄海沿岸的自净能力与沿岸流物质输运的关系,为该区域海洋生态环境保护提供科学依据。

The Western Coast of the Yellow Sea（WCYS） is greatly influenced by the human activities,and the interaction between land and ocean in this sea area is very intense because of its special terrain and unique geographical location.The circulation is quite complex and changeable in the WCYS,and water masses,continental shelf front and the frontal region of the Yangtze Estuary compose the unique current system in the western Yellow Sea,which play an important role in the material transportation and diffusion,sea water movement,marine biogeochemical process and so on.Based on the summary of the previous research progress,this paper analyzes systematically the arrangement and characteristics of the coastal currents（or water masses）in the WCYS,as well as the relationship between the coastal water masses and the main body of the Western Coastal Current of the Yellow Sea（WCCYS）,obtaining some new understanding about the current configuration in Lunan Coast and the northward current in Subei Coast in summer,expounding the material transportation effects of the coastal currents.Due to the lack of the quantitative research in the WCCYS,it is pointed out that the research on the division method of the coastal currents and on determining the dependency of the continental shelf front and the coastal currents should be carried out.Additionally,the evaluation methods of the material transportation effects of the WCCYS should be also be established,which can not only provide the quantitative evaluation of the impacts on the marine environment and the role in material budgets of the material transportation of the coastal currents,and reveal the relationship between the purification ability of the coastal waters and the material transportation of the coastal currents,but also offer the scientific basis for the regional marine ecological environment protection.It is necessary to build coastal current observing system,develop new technological means and investigation method,analyze the surveyed data and the satellite remote sensing data using data mining skills,extract the environmental elements feature values of the water masses and shelf fronts,and establish the accurate-numerical model for the material transportation of the coastal currents in the future,which may provides valuable ideas for the above scientific problems.