儿童慢性咳嗽111例病因分析

Causes of chronic cough in children:an analysis of 111 cases

目的探讨儿童慢性咳嗽的病因,为其诊断和治疗提供依据。方法选择2008年12月至2010年1月广西医科大学第一附属医院儿科的慢性咳嗽患儿111例,对该组患儿进行前瞻性临床研究以获得其病因。结果儿童慢性咳嗽的病因为:咳嗽变异性哮喘45例(40.5%),上气道咳嗽综合征34例(30.6%),感染后咳嗽19例(17.1%),过敏性咳嗽5例(4.5%),多发性抽动4例(3.6%),心因性咳嗽1例(0.9%),支气管内膜结核1例(0.9%),原因不明2例(1.8%)。60例(54.1%)慢性咳嗽为单个病因所致,47例(42.3%)有2种病因,2例(1.8%)有3种病因。结论本组儿童慢性咳嗽的前3位病因依次为咳嗽变异性哮喘、上气道咳嗽综合征、感染后咳嗽。

Objective To investigate the causes of chronic cough in children.Methods A prospective cohort study was performed on 111 children with chronic cough who were referred to the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University between December 2008 and January 2010.The causes of chronic cough were investigted.Results Cough variant asthma（45 cases,40.5%） was the most common cause of chronic cough,followed by upper airway cough syndrome（34 cases,30.6%）,postinfectious cough（19 cases,17.1%）,allergic cough（5 cases,4.5%）,Tourette′s syndrome（4 cases,3.6%）,psychogenic cough（1 case,0.9%） and endobronchial tuberculosis（1 case,0.9%）.The causes were not identified in 2 cases（1.8%）.A single cause for chronic cough was noted in 60 patients（54.1%）,and multiple potential causes were noted in 49 patients（44.1%）,including two coexisting causes in 47 patients（42.3%） and three in 2 patients（1.8%）.Conclusions The top three causes of chronic cough in children are cough variant asthma,upper airway cough syndrome and postinfectious cough.