西伯利亚鲟侧线神经丘发育过程的观察

OBSERVATION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE LATERAL LINE NEUROMAST OF SIBERIAN STURGEON(ACIPENSER BAERII)

研究对西伯利亚鲟(Acipenser baerii)的胚后幼鱼进行石蜡切片HE染色,同时利用荧光染料DiA[4-(4-Diethylaminostyryl)-1-methylpyridinium iodide]对侧线管中侧线神经丘毛细胞特异性标记的特点,示踪了西伯利亚鲟胚后仔鱼各个时期侧线神经丘分化发育的过程。结果显示,西伯利亚鲟侧线管内侧线神经丘毛细胞如纤毛状,呈竖立紧密排列。出膜3d仔鱼眼眶后神经基板发育分化活动剧烈,出膜10d的仔鱼眼眶后方的神经基板分化出眼眶上下侧线神经丘的两个分支,同时眼眶后神经基板进一步向后分化发育在眼眶后部形成躯干侧线神经丘,但整个侧线神经丘还未完全发育完成,待出膜15d时,眼眶上下和躯干侧线神经丘已基本发育完全,出膜22d的仔鱼侧线神经丘发育基本完成。研究为今后深入研究西伯利亚鲟侧线发育过程中的神经分化发育、细胞迁移奠定了初步形态学基础。

Acipenseriformes fish is a kind of the ancient chondrichthyes fish,and Siberian sturgeon（Acipenser baerii） plays an important part in the evolutionary history of vertebrates.Lateral line neuromast is the key part of the lateral line system-a very important sense organ of fish.Therefore,it is necessary to pay attention to the development of the lat-eral line neuromast of the Siberian sturgeon.In order to observing the morphology and tracking the development of lateral line neuromast of the Siberian sturgeon larvae in the different development periods after hatching.The 5μm of the paraffin sections of the adult fish of the Siberian sturgeon were prepared and then stained with HE.Meanwhile,the Siberian sturgeon larvae in different periods after hatching stained with 10μmol/L DiA [4-（4-Diethylaminostyryl）-1-methylpyridinium iodide] which can be used as the neuromast specific markers.The results showed morphology of the neuromast in the lateral line canal： The hair cells erected and arranged closely.Compared to Hammerhead shark（Sphyma lewini）,Japanese eel（Lyncozymba nystromi） and Tongue sole（Cynoglossus semilaevis）,all of these species had many common characteristics： The neuromast included epithelial cells,hair cells and supporting cells.However,each of these species had special characteristics： The Siberian sturgeon had smaller amount of the hair cells;the Ham-merhead shark had larger amount of the epithelial cells;the Japanese eel had many vacuoles in the supporting cells and the neuromast of the Tongue sole exposed to the skin surface.At the same time,the development of the lateral line neuromast of the Siberian sturgeon had been tracked： 3 days after hatching,the ganglia had dramatic differentiation and development in the region of the ear;10 days after hatching,the ganglia in the region of the ear had differentiation and formed lateral line neuromast above and below the orbital and also began formatting the lateral line neuromast on the opercular;15 days after hatching,the lateral line neuromast above and below the orbital became more obvious,and the lateral line neuromast on the trunk had basically developed;Finally,it is observed that the lateral line neuromast of the Siberian sturgeon larvae had developed completely in 22 days after hatching.Compared to Zebrafish（Danio rerio） and Catshark（Scyliorhinuscanicula）,the development process of the lateral line neuromast of all these species were nearly the same.This study may lay morphologic foundation for the further researching on the related genes which express in the development of the lateral line neuromast of the Siberian sturgeon as well as provide useful information for the fur-ther studying on the migration of cells in the development of the lateral line neuromast of the Siberian sturgeon.