饲用左旋咪唑对肉仔鸡免疫功能调节作用的研究

Regulating Effects of Levamisole Used in Feedstuff on the Immune Function in Broiler Chicks

试验用刚出壳的ＡＡ 商品代肉用公雏 ３７８ 只，随机分成 ３ 组，每组 １２６ 只分成 ９ 个重复。以玉米豆粕型日粮为基础日粮，喂给三种日粮即无药组（１ 组或对照组）、添加左咪唑（ｌｅｖａｍ ｉｓｏｌｅ，ＬＥＶ）１０（２ 组）和３０ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ 饲料（３ 组）。检测肉仔鸡每周体重、耗料量，４ 和 ６ 周龄胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊重量及其免疫器官指数，以及外周血中 Ｔ 或Ｂ淋巴细胞对不同丝裂原的反应性。结果表明：（１）在肉仔鸡日粮中添加 ３０ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ 的 ＬＥＶ 可使胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊的重量及其指数明显增加（Ｐ＜ ０．０５）；添加１０ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ 的ＬＥＶ 对免疫器官重量也有一定的促进作用，但差异并不显著（Ｐ＞ ０．０５）。试验证明ＬＥＶ 对免疫器官的生长发育有明显的促进作用。（２）４２ 日龄时３ 组肉仔鸡外周血Ｔ 淋巴细胞对丝裂原 Ｃｏｎ Ａ刺激的反应性以及 Ｂ淋巴细胞对丝裂原 ＬＰＳ刺激的反应性明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜ ０．０５），说明添加３０ｍ ｇ／ｋｇＬＥＶ 会增强细胞免疫和体液免疫功能。（３）随着日粮中 ＬＥＶ 添加量的增加，肉仔鸡的增重速率和饲料转化率都有相应改善，添加 ３０ｍ ｇ／ｋｇＬＥＶ 对二者的改善程度分别为 ７．３３％ 和 ５．１５％ ，?

A total of 378 one-day-old male AA broiler chickens were randomly divided into 3 treatments (each containing 126 males) with 9 replicates, 14 chickens each replicate. The basal diet composed of corn, soybean and so on. Three diets with levamisole(LEV) of 0 (l group, control), 10(2 group), 30mg/kg feed(3 group) were fed to three groups of broilers were used for determining the performance and immune indexes. The results showed that:(1) the weights of immune organs to body weight(BW) (as the index of immune organ) and the weights of thymus as well as spleen and the bursa of Fabricius was increased significantly with the increasing of LEV in diet(P<0.05). (2) By 42days of age, the weights of all of immune organs in broilers fed the diet with 30mg LEV/kg were higher significantly than that of the control(P<0.05), the ones in broiler chickens fed the diet supplemented 10mgLEV/kg was higher than that of control chicks(P>0.05). (3) The improvement rate of the growth in immune organs raised significantly with the prolonging of the time fed LEV. (4) The proliferation of T lymphocytes induced by concanavalin A(Con A) or PHA and proliferation of B lymphocytes induced by LPS in peripheral blood were stimulated obviously with added LEV 30mg/kg in chick diet(P<0.05); The proliferation of T or B lymphocytes induced by different mitogens also improvement by the 10mgLEV/kg in diet; (5)the diet with 30mg LEV/kg increased significantly the 7.33% of the body weight and the 5.15% of the feed efficiency(P<0.05) than the control. The conclusions was that LEV could regulate or stimulate immune function and improve gain and feed effeciency, it could prevent the inhibitory effects of some antibiotics on immune function in broilers.