老年人头面部脉管肉瘤的临床病理分析

Clinicopathological Analysis of Cutaneous Angiosarcoma on the Scalp and Face in Elder Patients

目的探讨老年人头面部脉管肉瘤的临床病理学特征。方法 1996年2008年对5例老年人头面部脉管肉瘤的临床资料、病理形态学、免疫组织化学染色进行观察,并对其中4例进行了随访。结果临床表现主要是头面部发生的瘀斑、溃疡或结节状病变。肿瘤细胞围绕皮肤附件周围排列成交通状吻合的血窦网,衬覆有异型性的内皮细胞,有的区域内皮细胞形成乳头状突起。肿瘤组织内有不同程度的弥漫性出血。肿瘤细胞表达CD34、CD31、Fli-1和FⅧ,部分表达CD117和CK8/18。经随访3例3年内死亡,1例带瘤存活1年余,1例失访。结论老年人头面部脉管肉瘤组织形态多样,预后较差,及时诊治十分重要。需要与其他皮肤良性血管病变和低分化癌、恶性黑色素瘤、恶性梭形细胞肿瘤、Kaposi肉瘤等鉴别。

Objective To explore the clinicopathological features of cutaneous angiosarcoma on the scalp and face in elder patients. Methods The clinical data of five elder patients with cutaneous angiosarcoma on the scalp and face from 1996 to 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients underwent the light microscopy, pathomorphological examination, and immunohistochemistry. Four patients were followed up. Results Most clinical manifestation was dusky irregular erythematous plaques which were often ulcerated. The tumor was composed of asymmetric collection of angulated and irregular vascular spaces infiltrating between collagen bundles. Endothelial cells attaching to the vascular spaces had hyperchromatic irregular nuclei and prominent nucleoli. Hemorrhage was another histologic feature. Positive expression of CD34,CD31,Fli-1 and FⅧ were found in tumor cells, and expression of CD117 and CK8/18 was found in some of the patients. In the follow-up duration, three patients died in three years, and one failed to be followed up. Conclusions Cutaneous angiosarcoma of the scalp and face has various histomorphology and poor prognosis, which should be diagnosed and treated in time. It should be distinguished from benign cutaneous hemangioma, poorly differentiated carcinoma, malignant melanoma and malignant spindle cell tumor.