几种内质网分子伴侣在肿瘤中的异常表达及其意义

Abnormal expression of several endocytoplasmic reticulum molecular chaperones in tumor tissue and the significance

内质网是细胞内膜系统的重要组成部分，是由小管和小泡相互连接形成的网状结构，广泛存在于动植物各种组织的绝大多数细胞中。内质网的主要功能与蛋白质和脂类的合成和运输有关，分子伴侣在此过程中发挥重要作用。随着对分子伴侣研究的不断深入，发现在多种病理或应激状态下，分子伴侣存在异常表达，包括水平增高或降低以及异位表达，特别是在各种肿瘤组织中发现某些分子伴侣的异常表达与肿瘤的发生、转移侵袭性、对化疗药的抵抗以及介导机体对肿瘤的特异性免疫反应有关。分子伴侣与肿瘤之间的这种密切联系为研究抗肿瘤药物提供了新的策略，有些针对在肿瘤组织异常表达的分子伴侣的药物已经进入临床试验阶段。本文综述几种常见的在肿瘤中异常表达的分子伴侣及其与肿瘤的关系，并探讨其相关意义。

Endocytoplasmic reticulum （ER） is the important component of intracellular membrane system, and is substantia reticulofilamentosa composed of tubulus and alveoli structure. The main function of ER is related to the synthesis and transportation of protein and lipide. Molecular chaperones are abnormally expressed in many tumor tissue including elevated, decreased and ectopic expression, which are related to oncogenesis, metastasis, drug resistance and specific immunity response. The communication between molecular chaperones and tumor provide basis for new drug development, and some drugs targeted to specific molecular chaperones have come to the clinical trial stage. This article reviewed the several molecular chaperones abnormally expressed in tumor tissues, and discussed the significance.