淮河流域陆面水文过程的数值模拟

Numerical Simulation of Land Surface Hydrological Process over Huaihe River Basin

采用生物—大气传输模式(BATS模型)模拟了淮河流域山丘区和平原区在1998年汛期的暴雨洪水过程,从陆地—大气间水量交换的角度揭示了径流量、土壤含水量、土壤质地、植被分布的内在联系。结果表明:对于山丘区和平原区而言,根系层土壤含水量、土壤质地以及土壤颜色的变化对径流量的影响具有相似性,但是敏感性不同;而山丘区和平原区深层土壤含水量和植被覆盖率变化对径流量影响的作用正好相反。这些结果显示,由于山丘区与平原区的不同气候和下垫面条件,而造成两者水文性质的差异性,反映了大气—水文之间关系与作用的不同特征。

The BATS （Biosphere Atmosphere Transfer Scheme） model was used to simulate the thunderstorm and flood events in the mountains and plains of the Huaihe River basin in 1998. And the inherent relationships among runoff,soil moisture content ,soil texture and vegetation distribution were exposed via the simulation of water exchange between land and atmosphere. Results show that the effect of soil moisture content in root layer, soil texture, and soil color on the runoff in the mountains is similar to that in the plains ,whereas with different sensitivities. However,the effect of soil moisture content in deep layer and vegetation canopy ratio on the runoff in the mountains is opposite to that in the plains. The meteorological and land-surface conditions are different between the mountains and the plains, so their hydrological characteristics are different, showing the different atmospheric-hydrologic relationship.