广州城区生态安全岛森林生物量、叶片滞尘和物种多样性研究

Biomass,foliar dust and species diversity of forests in ecological safety islands of urban Guangzhou

通过样方调查、植被生物量估算和植物叶片滞尘测定等途径,研究广州城区生态安全岛森林的生物量、植物叶片滞尘和物种多样性的作用.结果表明:①生态安全岛植物群落的生物量介于69.61～371.34t.hm-2之间,碳储量介于34.81～185.67t.hm-2之间.随着植物群落的正向演替,生物量和碳储量不断增加.②不同采样点植物滞尘量存在显著性差异(p<0.05),基本反映由市中心向市郊逐渐减少的趋势.单位叶面积滞尘量以叶面积大且腹面粗糙的对叶榕滞尘能力最强,为1.956g.m-2.③不同演替阶段植物群落的丰富度、多样性和均匀度具有显著性差异(p<0.05),多样性指数和均匀度指数较好地反映了不同演替阶段植物群落在物种组成方面的差异;随着演替的进程,乔木层的多样性指数和均匀度指数不断增加.

Using a sample-plot survey method,estimating forest biomass and determining foliar dusts,this study dealt with carbon storage,foliage dust retention and species diversity in some ecological safety islands located in urban Guangzhou. The results show that：① The biomass varied from 69.61 t·hm-2 to 371.34 t·hm-2,while the carbon contents ranged from 34.81 t·hm-2 to 185.67 t·hm-2. The communities in the ecological protection islands were in positive succession,and the biomass and carbon contents increased accordingly. ② The amount of dust retention by tree leaves varied significantly at the 0.05 level in different plots,which reflected a decreasing trend along an urban-suburban gradient. Ficus hispidahad the highest dust-retention amount per unit leaf area（1.956 g·m-2）,because it has the largest leaf area and a rough foliar surface. ③ The species richness,species diversity and evenness in the tree layer of plant communities in the ecological protection islands were significantly different at the 0.05 level among different succession stages. The species diversity and evenness indicated different species compositions in different succession stages. As the positive succession continues,the species diversity and evenness in the tree layer increase constantly.