认知语言学方法论对中国日语学习者偏误研究的启示

A Cognitive Linguistic Approach to Analysis of Errors Made by Chinese Learners of Japanese

本文尝试用认知语言学的方法结合偏误实例对中国日语学习者偏误形成的机制进行分析。本文首先对学习者在学习第二语言时从母语经验出发的认知过程——母语概念隐喻现象予以确认。进而以中国日语学习者偏误实例为例,通过对隐喻映射过程中源域词——母语的＂过＂与目标域词——日语的＂過ぎる＂语义结构的意象图示分析,尝试从认知语言学研究的角度,探讨二语习得过程中中国日语学习者偏误发生的原因及其理论依据。其结果表明：＂过＂①义与＂過ぎる＂①义是三意对一意的关系,认为＂过＂①义与＂過ぎる＂①义相等是发生偏误的原因。

This paper attempts to analyze the cognitive mechanism and particular examples of the errors made by Chinese learners of Japanese.The paper firstly confirms that the cognitive process experienced by a L2 learner starts from processing mother tongue conceptual metaphors.A cognitive analysis of a particular example is then made by analyzing the image schemata of the semantic structures in the metaphoric mapping process of the Chinese ＂guo＂ from the source domain to the Japanese ＂sugiru＂ of the target domain,in the hope of exploring mechanism and motivation of the errors made by Chinese learners of Japanese from the perspective of cognitive linguistics.The result shows that Chinese ＂guo＂ has three meanings while Japanese ＂sugiru＂ has one meaning.The oversimplification of this mismatched relationship is the cause of those errors.