日本制造业产品架构的比较优势及其对东亚区域内贸易模式的影响

Japan′s Comparative Advantage in Manufacturing Products Architectur and Its Impact on Intra-Regional Trade Patterns in East Asia Region

自20世纪90年代以来,东亚开始逐步形成以集成化产品、模块化生产和区域内贸易三位一体的产业-贸易格局。近年来,日本为了确保制造业的竞争优势,尝试对产品架构进行调整。其中,模块型架构程度高的产品生产比较适合水平产业内分工;整合型架构程度高的产品生产则比较适合垂直产业内分工。随着东亚区域内中间产品和零部件市场规模的扩大,不同的产品架构可以对产业内贸易模式产生不同的影响。在经历了多年的产业"空洞化"以后,日本的部分跨国制造业开始利用其在整合型架构产品方面的比较优势,回归本土重新构建高端产品的出口基地。在金融危机的背景下,日本这一战略调整将对以低端出口制造业为主的中国和东盟各国带来很大的冲击。

Ever since the 90s of the last century,East Asia began gradually to form a trinity industry-trade pattern which combining with integrated product,modular production and intra-regional trade.In recent years,in order to ensure its competitive superiority within manufacturing industry,Japan tried to adjust its products architecture.Among those production with a high degree of modular product architecture,it is more appropriate to the level of horizontal intra-industry division of labor,while integrated product architecture with a high degree is more suitable for vertical intra-industry division of labor.With the expansion of market scale of intermediate products and component parts in East Asian region,different product architecture can have different effects on intra-industry trade patterns.After experiencing the so called industrial 'Deindustrialization' for years,some of the Japanese transnational manufacturing began to return home to re-build the export base for high-end products by using its comparative advantage of products in the integrated architecture.In the context of the financial crisis,the Japanese strategic adjustment will bring about huge impact onto China and ASEAN countries that rely mainly on low-end export manufacturing.