快速城市化影响下天津农村土地优化利用研究

Study on Optimal Rural Land Use of Tianjin under Rapid Urbanization

在统计资料分析和实证调研的基础上,阐释天津城市化发展的特点与驱动力,分析城市化对农村土地利用的影响,解析在此过程中农村土地利用问题的产生,提出城市化影响下农村土地利用的优化战略。研究表明,随着滨海新区建设和农村工业发展,城市化对天津农村土地利用产生巨大影响,农村土地利用面临突出问题:耕地过量占用,近郊农地粗放利用,土地污染严重;"城中村"问题凸显,近郊农村人居环境恶劣,远郊土地利用效率较低等。天津农村土地优化利用应实施以高效、安全为导向的现代都市农业战略和以集约、宜居为导向的农村居民点改造战略。

Based on analysis of statistical data and field investigation, this paper analyzed the features, driving forces and effects on rural land use of urbanization in Tianjin, explained the formation of problems on rural land use in this course, and put forward reasonable strategies for optimal rural land use under the influences of urbanization. The result shows that, with the development of the TNCD and rural industrialization, the urbanization has greatly influenced rural land utilization and made it face a difficult dilemma. As to the utilization of agricultural land, it behaves that large amount of peasants got unemployed with the excessive encroachment of arable land, land got less intensively used with the additional uncertainty created by urban expansion, and food safety was jeopardized with serious land pollution. As to the utilization of village land, it behaves with problems of ＂urban village＂, poor rural dwelling environment in the near suburb and low efficiency of land use in the far suburb. In consideration of the overall situation in the long run, the author holds that, the optimization of rural land use should take the strategy of modern urban agriculture oriented to food safety and high productivity and the strategy of rural residential area treatment oriented to intensive land use and pleasant dwellin~ environment. And specific measures should be taken according to time and local conditions.