经济思想史上对价值理性的工具性解释

On the Instrumental Explanation for Value Rationality in History of Economic Thought

影响人类社会发展的经济理性分为两种,一是工具理性,一是价值理性。工具理性是指人类在追求功利的动机驱使下,借助科学、技术、知识等工具以达到预期效果最大化目的的本能和意识。价值理性则不同,它是指人类行为中与功利目的相关性不那么紧密的观念崇尚和价值标准,强调动机的纯正、手段的恰当以及敬畏和自律等,难以完全用现有的知识系统加以实证的、有逻辑性的表述。试图对价值理性作工具性解释不成功,且不可能也无必要,甚至还会产生负面作用。不同的价值理性能引导人们运用分析工具对同一种经济现象作出不同的判断,形成不同的对策,进而对人类社会经济发展产生重大影响。

There are two types in economic rationality： one is value rationality; another is instrumental rationality. The former can not be expressed completely by word, figure and other techrtical knowledge, Since the economics established some scholars want to explain value rationality with instrumen- tal method. But they did not success. Using a new method-extended economic rationality-this paper point that such explains are not only impossible but also unnecessary. It would damage the social economy if such theory phenomenon continued.