半透明的镜子:司马孚在魏晋政治中的形象与地位

A Translucent Mirror:Sima Fu's Image and Status in Wei Jin Politics

司马孚是魏晋易代之际一位重要但容易被学者忽视的人物,《晋书》将其塑造成心怀前朝、不问世事的政治隐逸者,但事实上司马孚有大功于晋室,史书类型化的书写遮蔽了这一复杂而矛盾的形象。司马孚与陈泰在魏晋之际有着相似的地位与表现,这些例子都凸显出当家族与国家两者发生冲突时,士人群体面临的道德困境。魏末士人所处的时代,上承汉末清议风潮的余烈,下开士族社会注重家族利益的风气。正是由于处于这样一个社会文化的转型期,因此,"家"与"国"之间的纠结,"公"与"私"之间的颉颃,都在从魏臣到晋臣这一复杂转换的历史图景中得到了充分的展现。

This paper analyzes how and why Jin Shu rebuilding Sima Fu＇s image as a political recluse, and pays attention to scholars （bureaucracy educated by Confucian） psychology and morals dilemma when they are apt to political change from Wei to Jin Dynasty, tries to rebuild the scholars complicated appearance covered by historical writing. Through to the case study of Sima Fu and Chen Tai which proves while conflicting between loyal to the country and family benefits, scholar group should face to the great ethical challenge. The scholars at the end of Wei Dynasty live in a transformation pe- riod, their older generation follows strict moral standard as an official in late Han, while their de- scendants pay more attention to family interests in the next countries, so contradiction between country and family, public and private plays an important part in their political career from Wei to Jin Dy- nasty.