1677-1815年黑森-卡塞尔的雇佣兵事业

The Enterprise of Mercenaries of Hesse-Cassel:1677—1815

在历代邦伯的积极推动下,黑森-卡塞尔政府成为18世纪欧洲最著名的雇佣兵提供者之一。本文考察了黑森-卡塞尔雇佣兵事业的形成背景、发展过程、运作机制及其在国内和国际上的影响,指出雇佣兵事业不仅促进了黑森-卡塞尔经济的发展与社会矛盾的缓和,而且使这个原本积贫积弱的德意志小邦国在国际舞台上发挥了与其领土面积、人口规模不成比例的较大影响。

Thanks to the policy of successive Landgraves,Hesse-Cassel became one of the most famous providers of mercenaries in 18th century Europe.This article analyzes the background,development,mechanism and impact of the Hessian mercenary enterprise.The author holds that the mercenary enterprise had not only boosted the Hessian economy and eased social tension,but also made it possible for Hesse-Cassel to exert greater international influence which was disproportionate to its small territory and population.