基于有限元与正交试验法的机械刻划光栅研究

Study on Mechanically Ruling Grating Based on Finite Element and Orthogonal Test Method

在有限元软件DEFORM中建立了金刚石弧形刻刀刻划光栅的数值模型,得到了刻划过程的刻划力曲线。通过数值模拟和正交试验方法,对刻划过程的4个主要因素(刃口半径、主刃轮廓半径、方位角、刻划速度)进行了分析,得到了各因数对刻划力的影响次序及显著性。极差分析表明:方位角对x向刻划力影响显著,主刃轮廓半径对y向、z向刻划力影响显著。最后采用综合平衡法进行结果评定,确定了光栅机械刻划的合理方案。

Numerical simulation of mechanically ruling grating with diamond circular graver was setted up in the finite element software DEFORM, and the curve of ruling forces was obtained. Through numerical simulation and orthogonal test method, the four main factors （ cutting edge radius, radius of main edge profile, azimuth angle, ruling speed ） of the ruling process were analyzed to obtain the impact sequence of the four factors on the ruling forces and which one is one most significant. The results of range analysis show that the azimuth angle plays the most important role on x direction ruling forces, the radius of main edge profile plays the most important role on y direction and z direction riding forces. Finally, the synthesis balance method was applied to evaluate the results and determine the reasonable scheme of mechanically ruling grating.