碳纤维复合材料构件干磨削砂轮研制及其加工性能研究

Development of a Wheel for Dry Grinding of CFRP Parts and Investigation on Its Machining Performance

碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)具有硬度高、各向异性、非均质的特性,是典型的难加工材料之一,磨削中极易发生分层和砂轮堵塞现象。结合碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料构件干磨削的加工需求,研制了磨料群可控排布超硬磨粒电镀砂轮。并以常规单层电镀砂轮为参照,对碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料进行了干磨削加工试验。结果表明:新型的磨料群可控排布砂轮在端面磨削中轴向力稳定、工件表面完整性较好,表面粗糙度Ra保持在0.8～1.3μm之间;磨料群之间的间隙能容纳切屑并作为切屑从磨削接触区转移的通道,有效避免砂轮堵塞现象发生;新型的磨料群可控排布砂轮适用于大型碳纤维复合材料构件干磨削加工。

The carbon fiber reinforced plastics（CFRP） is a typical difficult cut material since it has high hardness,anisotropy and non-homogeneity.It is easily delaminated and the wheel is loaded during grinding.An electroplated grinding wheel with controlled abrasive clusters is developed to meet the requirement of dry grinding of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite parts.And the dry grinding experiments of carbon fiber/epoxy composites are conducted with reference to a conventional electroplated grinding wheel.The experimental results show that the steady axial force and good surface integrity are obtained by using the new grinding wheel with controlled abrasive clusters,and the surface roughness Ra of the workpiece is kept in a range from 0.8 μm to 1.3 μm.The spaces among the abrasive clusters serve as the rooms and accesses for accommodating and removing the grinding chips,which are beneficial to avoid wheel loading effectively.The new grinding wheel with controlled abrasive cluster can be used for dry grinding of large carbon fiber composites parts.