新石器时期人造石灰的判别方法研究

The Way to Identify the Man-Made-Lime in Neolithic in China

考古发掘表明,我国新石器晚期已经大量使用"白灰面"建筑涂料,这种建筑涂料,不仅坚固、美观、卫生,而且有一定的防潮作用,考古学家推测,这种建筑涂料很可能就是我国早期人工烧制的石灰。为此,本工作采用红外光谱分析方法,对取自陶寺遗址的"白灰面"、"白条石"做了红外光谱的对比研究。结果表明,"白灰面"与"白条石"红外光谱的ν2/ν4比值明显不同,反应了二者碳酸钙晶体的无序度有较大区别,从而说明经过煅烧而得到的白灰面,即人工烧制的石灰是可以通过红外光谱方法鉴定的,这为我国石灰起源研究提供了一种简单易行的判别方法。此外,本工作还借助显微镜与红外光谱分析方法研究了白灰面中掺和料,结果表明白灰面中的掺和料为纤维素类物质。

Archaeological studies indicated that the ＂Baihuimian＂ building material has been excavated widely in the Neolithic Age,which was not only hard,but also of beauty and cleanly.Archaeologist concluded that the ＂Baihuimian＂ may be the earliest man-made-lime in China.So,the infrared spectroscopy was used to analyze the ＂Baihuimian＂ and ＂Baitiaoshi＂ from Taosi site.The results indicated that the ratio of ν2 to ν4 is markedly different between ＂Baihuimian＂ and ＂Baitiaoshi＂ by infrared spectroscopy which shows that there is a big difference in the disorder parameter of calcium carbonate crystal,suggesting calcined ＂Baihuimian＂ is identified depending on infrared spectroscopy.Thereby,it offers a simpler and more efficient method to study the origin of lime.Meanwhile,the temper of ＂Baihuimian＂ was also analyzed by microscope and infrared spectroscopy methods,respectively,which proves that the mixed materials（admixture） in ＂Baihuimian＂ is cellulose.