工业厂房在2008汶川大地震中的震害分析及启示

Seismic damage analysis of industrial buildings in 2008 Wenchuan earthquake

基于2008年汶川大地震中现场对工业建筑的震害调查,列举了几种典型的震害现象:(1)主体结构破坏,主要表现为屋盖扭曲或坍塌、排架柱压溃或折断、支撑拉断或压曲;(2)非结构构件震害主要表现为围护墙震害明显,特别是纵墙端开间、高大山墙、高低跨悬墙的破坏;(3)地基基础等破坏。然后,分析了不同震害的原因与特征,并提出相应设计或加固建议。最后指出,厂房主体结构及非结构构件等的抗震设计均应严格执行现行抗震设计规范的有关规定,对年限已久或设防水准不满足要求的既有厂房结构应定期地进行抗震鉴定及必要的抗震加固。

Based on the damage field survey of the industrial buildings in Wenchuan earthquake,the typical building seismic damage characteristics of industrial structures were summarized and analysed.According to the damage phenomena,the following conclusions are drawn： usually,the main structures of industrial buildings suffered serious damage,in which the roof system were distorted and collapsed,the bent-frame columns were crushed and yielded,the bracing system was broken.When the main structures of industrial buildings suffered minor damage,the non-structural components were remarkbly damaged,including the end bays in the longitudinal direction,high gables,the cantilevered walls between two spans with different heights and the foundation.Then damage rules and reasons are summed up and damage characteristics and corresponding design and retrofitting suggestion are proposed.At the end of the paper,it is indicated that the seismic design of major structure and non-structural members of industrial buildings must fully comply with the seismic design code,seismic assessment and seismic strengthening should be carried out at regular intervals for the existing industrial buildings,which have served for a long time and whose fortification level does not meet the requirements.