以环状硝胺为基的几种塑料黏结炸药的初步研究(英文)

Preliminary Study on Several Plastic Bonded Explosives Based on Cyclic Nitramines

用聚异丁烯(PIB),丙烯腈-聚丁橡胶(ABR),维通A黏结剂和RDX,HMX,BCHMX和ε-HNIW四种硝胺炸药制备了一系列塑性炸药。PETN和以PETN为基的三种塑性炸药用于比较。测试了这些炸药的爆速,撞击和摩擦感度。摩擦感度与撞击感度的关系以及两种感度与D2的关系表明摩擦力向硝胺炸药分子反应中心的转移机理不同于撞击能的转移机理。从摩擦和撞击反应的相互比较以及降低ε-HNIW感度等级中发现撞击感度依赖于硝铵炸药的晶体品质,而摩擦感度的依赖却不明显。测试爆速D与含PIB和ABR黏结剂的PBX装药密度之间的关系表明,ε-HNIW的密度为2.04 g·cm-3时,爆速D为9.800 mm·μs-1。

A series of plastic explosives have been prepared with binders based on polyisobutylene （PIB）, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber （ABR）, viton A and using four nitramines, namely RDX （ 1 , 3, S-trinitro-1 , 3,5-triazinane ） , ε-HMX （ε-1 , 3,5,7-tetranitro-1 , 3,5,7-tetrazocane ） , BCHMX （ cis-1 ,3,4,6-tetranitro-octahydroimidazo- [ 4,5-d] imidazole ） and ε-HN IW （ ε-2,4,6,8, 10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8, 10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane ）. Pentaerythritol tetranitrate （PETN） and three putty- plastic explosives based on PETN were used for comparison. Detonation velocities, D, impact and friction sensitivities of these explosives were determined. The relations of the friction sensitivity to impact sensitivity, and of both these sensitivities to the D2 term indicate that the mechanism of transfer of the friction force to the reaction centre of nitramine molecule should be different from that of impact energy transfer. Mutual comparison of the friction and impact reactivities of technical-grade and of ＂reduced sensitivity＂ grade of 6-HNIW led to the finding that the impact sensitivity distinctly depends on the crystal quality of nitramines, while in the case of friction sensitivity this dependence should not so pronounced. From the relationship between the determined D values and the loading densities of PBX containing the PIB and ABR bind- ers, the D value of 9. 800 mm·μs -1 at 2.04 g - cm-3 for ε-HNIW was found.