海淀区城市二次供水设施卫生量化分级管理及供水卫生调查

The quantitative classification and survey of sanitation of urban secondary water supply in Haidian district of Beijing

目的 调查海淀区城市二次供水设施卫生状况. 方法 应用北京市海淀区卫生局卫生监督所制定的二次供水卫生量化分级表对海淀区全部1725处二次供水设施分2次进行量化分级评定（A、B、C级）.同时采用分层随机抽样的方法,抽取20个居民小区,作为第1次量化分级评定结果公示点,观察等级公示对二次供水设施卫生等级变化的影响. 结果 在第1次和第2次量化分级中,A级和B级二次供水设施分别占全部二次供水设施的81.04%（1398/1725）和89.04%（1536/1725）;各二次供水设施卫生许可证的持有率分别达到86.14%（1486/1725）和92.35%（1593/1725）;有效水质检测报告的持有率分别达到86.60%（1494/1725）和97.10%（1675/1725）.抽取的20个样本小区中,共有52处二次供水设施,在等级公示前A、B、C级设施数分别为8、27、17处;公示后分别为19、29、4处,等级公示对二次供水设施卫生等级变化的影响有统计学意义（Х^2=12.60,P=0.002）. 结论 海淀区城市二次供水设施整体卫生状况良好,分级评定及等级公示可促进二次供水设施卫生状况得到有效改善.

Objective To investigate the sanitary status of urban secondary water supply facilities in Haidian district of Beijing. Methods Adopting the quantitative classification table drafted by the Bureau for Sanitation Inspection and Supervision of Haidian district,we carried quantitative classification （A,B,C grade） on all 1725 secondary water supply facilities in Haidian district for two times.At the same time,we collected 20 residential areas with stratified random sampling method.As the public points in the first quantitative classification,the effect of level publicity on changing the sanitary grade of the secondary water supply facilities were observed. Results In the first two times of quantitative classification,A-level and B-level secondary water supply facilities took up 81.04% （1398/1725） and 89.04% （1536/1725） of all secondary water supply facilities respectively;the ratio of effective sanitary permits achieved 86.14%（1486/1725）and 92.35% （1593/1725）respectively;and the ratio of effective water quality test reports achieved 86.60% （1494/1725） and 97.10% （1675/1725） respectively.There were 52 secondary water supply facilities in 20 collected areas,including 8 A-level,27 B-level and 17 C-level secondary water supply facilities before level publicity,and 19,29 and 4 after level publicity.The impact of level publicity on changing the sanitary grade of the secondary water supply facilities was statistically significant （Х^2 = 12.60,P = 0.002）. Conclusion The city secondary water supply facilities in Haidian district are overall in good sanitary conditions.Quantitative classification and level publicity can effectively improve the sanitary status of secondary water supply facilities.