糖皮质激素与他克莫司软膏治疗成人特应性皮炎的不良反应对比分析

Comparative analysis of adverse drug reactions caused by Glucocorticoid and Tacrolimus Ointment in the treatment of atopic dermatitis

目的:比较糖皮质激素与他克莫司软膏治疗成人特应性皮炎(AD)发生不良反应的情况,评价二者治疗成人AD的安全性。方法:将100例成人AD患者随机分为糖皮质激素组和他克莫司软膏组,每组50例,分别给予外用糖皮质激素及他克莫司软膏治疗,观察并比较两组治疗成人AD的疗效及不良反应发生情况。结果:他克莫司软膏组总有效率高于糖皮质激素组(94.0%对78.0%,P<0.05),药物相关不良反应的发生率明显低于糖皮质激素组(24.0%对40.0%,P<0.01),主要不良反应为局部瘙痒、刺痛,程度轻,多可自行缓解;糖皮质激素组不良反应多,程度重,主要是局部皮肤萎缩、类固醇性痤疮、多毛、激素性潮红、局部皮肤刺痛、烧灼感等,多需给予对症治疗。结论:他克莫司软膏治疗AD疗效好,不良反应少且轻,用药安全,值得临床推广使用。

Objective：To compare the adverse drug reactions（ADR） caused by Glucocorticoid（GC） and Tacrolimus Ointment in the treatment of atopic dermatitis（AD）,and evaluate the safety of the two drugs in the treatment of AD in clinic.Methods：A total of 100 patients with adult AD were randomly divided into GC group and Tacrolimus Ointment group,with 50 patients in each group.Patients in the two groups were respectively given GC and Tacrolimus Ointment for external use,and the efficacy as well as the occurrence of ADR in the two groups were observed and compared.Results：The total effective rate of Tacrolimus Ointment group was significantly higher than that of the GC group（94.0% vs 78.0%,P0.05）,the incidence of drug-related ADR was obviously lower than that of GC group（24.0% vs 40.0%,P0.01）,and the main ADR were local skin pruritus and pricking pain,all the clinical manifestations of ADR were mild and could be relieved without special treatment.GC group had more and severe clinical manifestations of ADR than those of Tacrolimus Ointment group,the main ADR were local dermatrophia,steroid acne,crinosity,steroid-induced flush,local skin pricking pain,burning sensation and so on,and needed symptomatic treatment.Conclusion：Tacrolimus Ointment has a better efficacy in the treatment of AD,the ADR are less and mild,the medication is safe and is worthy of application in clinic.