从《欺骗》伦理阅读看菲利普·拉金的叙事伦理

Narrative Ethics in Philip Larkin’s "Deception"

菲利普·拉金是英国战后的杰出诗人之一,也是"运动派"诗人的重要代表人物。《欺骗》这首诗不仅浓缩了拉金诗歌叙述的所有特点,更体现了拉金在两性关系、社会伦理方面的探索和思考。本文分析了这首诗以不同的伦理环境作为背景,通过不同的叙述者,从不同空间角度重复叙述同一桩性犯罪事件,揭示出不同历史时期人们对两性关系的认识及其蕴涵的伦理思想。笔者认为这首诗歌采用了城市漫游诗歌的叙事伦理,通过三个不同时期的"人群"反映出在历史的发展和伦理重新构建过程中伦理内涵的变迁,以及诗人本人的伦理诉求。

A leading figure of ＂The Movement＂, Philip Larkin is England’s most distinguished and widely read postwar poet. His poem ＂Deception＂ re-narrates a sexual crime in different voices from different perspectives, revealing the changing views on gender and sex from Victorian era to the 1950s. Just as a flneur, a solitary and distant spectator, Larkin best exemplifies modernist dilemmas and subtly extends his ethical norms beyond individual reforms.