铺地竹叶中除草活性物质的提取工艺研究

Optimized extraction of herbicidal active substance from Sasa argenteastriatus leaves

采用正交试验设计,研究了提取溶剂、料液比、提取温度和提取次数等因素对铺地竹竹叶中除草活性成分提取的影响,并通过生物测定评价了提取物对杂草抑制效果。结果表明,提取溶剂为50%乙醇,料液比为1∶7,提取温度为60℃,提取次数为3次时,提取率最高,达14.50%;以75%乙醇为提取溶剂,料液比为1∶6,提取温度为80℃,提取3次时,所得提取物在0.4 g.L-1浓度时对结球生菜根和匍匐翦股颖根的抑制效果均达到最高水平,抑制率分别为67.83%和36.82%。

The effects of different factors （extraction solvent,liquid ratio, extraction temperature, extraction times） on the herbicidal active ingredient extraction of S.argenteastriatus were studied through orthogonal experiment, and the inhibitory effects of extracts on weeds were appraised by the biological testing. The results indicated that the extraction percentage was highest, up to 14.50% in thecondition of using 50% ethanol as extraction solvent with1：7 solid/liquid ratio, and extraction for three times at 60℃, when taken 75% ethanol as extraction solvent with 1：6 liquid ratio, and extraction three times at 80℃, the inhibition of the bamboo leaves extracts at a concentration of 0.4 g.L^-1 to the root ofLactuca sativa L. and Agrostis stolonifera var. penncross were up to the highest levels, 67.83% and 36.82%, respectively.