我国水电厂技术改造综述

Summary on the technical transformation of the hydro stations in China

自改革开放以来， 我国的水电建设取得了迅猛发展。至１９９８ 年底， 全国水电装机容量已达６６ ０６５ Ｍ Ｗ，年发电量达２ ０４３ 亿ｋ Ｗ·ｈ ， 分别占全国电力总装机容量的２３８ ％ 和年总发电量的１７６ ％ ； 已建成或已投产发电的１ ０００ Ｍ Ｗ 以上的大型水电厂有１４ 座。随着水电事业的不断发展， 水电在电力系统中的地位、作用和效益也日益突出， 并对水电厂的安全、可靠运行提出了更高的要求。为此， 对一批已建成投产的水电厂特别是 “六五”以前建成投产的老电厂， 必须进行全面的技术改造， 以不断挖掘设备潜力和增强电网的调峰能力。笔者以亲身经历， 就我国近年来特别是 “八五” 以来老水电厂进行技术改造所取得的成绩和经验给予了充分肯定， 指出了当前水电厂机电设备存在的主要问题， 提出了当前机电设备改造与技术进步的工作重点和目标， 并就全面加强水电厂的技术改造工作阐述了应遵循的原则。

Since the reform and open to the outside, the hydropower construction in China has gained rapid development Up to the end of 1998, the total installed capacity of hydropower in the whole country was 66 065 MW with the annual energy yield of 204 3 TW·h, accounting for 23 8% of the country's total power installed capacity and 17 6% of the country's total annual energy yield There are 17 large hydropower stations to have been completed or to have been put into production, with the installed capacity of more than 1000 MW With the continuous development of hydropower construction, the position, function and benefit of hydropower in the power system are increasingly outstanding so that the more requirements for the safe and reliable operation of hydropower station has been put forward Therefore, the technical transformation for old hydropower stations, especially those stations completed before the Sixth Five Year Plan Period, should be fully conducted in order to make full use of capacity potential and to increase the peaking capacity of power network The author, viewed from his own experience, affirms the achievements and experience gained by the technical transformation on the old hydropower stations in recent years, especially since the Eighth Five Year Plan, and puts forward the main problems of the mechanical and electrical equipment in the existing hydropower station, and describes the key points, objectives and principles of the technical transformation