知识溢出与集群内领导企业分工结构的选择

Knowledge Spillovers and the Division Structure Choice of Leading Enterprises within Clusters

与配套企业的分工协作能使领导企业享受专业化生产带来的高效率,但也可能使其创新知识因配套企业泄密而被动溢出。因此,领导企业与其配套企业的分工结构有封闭式和开放式两种形式,选择哪种结构与领导企业间的创新格局有关,但关键还是在于配套企业的泄密概率。台州缝制设备产业集群的案例说明,在各领导企业有互补性技术创新的情况下,当各配套网络相互重叠时,该概率较高,领导企业选择与其配套企业实行开放式的分工结构,反之则选择封闭式。而领导企业的配套网络是否重叠受其在集群内的空间分布的影响。此外,集群内知识保护的氛围对配套企业的泄密概率也有一定影响。同时,该案例也说明了不同的分工结构对企业发展有不同的作用。

Division and collaboration with supporting enterprises will enable leading enterprises to enjoy the efficiency brought by specialized production,but it could also make their innovation knowledge spillover passively as a result of supporting enterprises＇ leakage.So,there are two forms of division structure between leading enterprise and its supporting enterprises： open and closed.The choice bases on the innovation pattern among leading enterprises,while the key factor is the leaking probability of supporting enterprises.The case of Taizhou sewing equipment industry cluster shows that,under the condition of complementary innovation among leading enterprises,the probability would be higher when the supporting networks of leading enterprises overlapped each other,and then leading enterprise chose open division structure,otherwise chose the closed.And the degree of overlap influenced by the spatial distribution of the leading enterprises within the cluster.In addition,the knowledge protection atmosphere of the cluster has a certain impact on the leaking probability.Meanwhile,the case also illustrates that the different division structure has different effect on the development of enterprises.