近代中国中部地区政府的农业投入——以1927-1937年湖北省为中心的考察

Agricultural Input of the Government in the Central Region of Modern China-With the Focus on Hubei Province During 1927-1937

农业投入,是现代政府为实现经济的发展目标,对农业系统的资金注入行为。它通常以财政、信贷和价格支持等形式作用于农业。有关近代中国中央政府及地方政府的农业投入,学术界尚无专文分析。笔者不揣浅陋,选取1927-1937年的湖北省为个案,试图探讨为支持农业的发展,国民政府及湖北地方政府采用了哪些方式对农业注入资金,其政策取向及成效如何,以求教于大家。

With the transition of the government,in order to react on the agricultural crisis,and develop agriculture in 1927-1937,national government and local government Hubei province,with two kinds of forms of direct financial input and modern credit aid,have increased the fund of agriculture,maintained the operation of different agricultural organizations,strengthen construction of Irrigation and water conservancy,agricultural scientific research and experiment,have strengthen the ability of relieving of agriculture,has supported the development of the cooperative undertaking,have offered certain financial support for the development of modern agricultural production.However,because of the finance of the local government of Hubei province in this issue is extremely embarrassment,agricultural input is seriously insufficient.Moreover,government can only use exorbitant taxes and levies and apportion extraordinary means open up the financial directly to raise originally limited fund extremely.This become one important origin that the burden of the modern peasant have been aggravated,and it is the very crux that people have abandoned of national government later too.