计算机优化压井开环控制软件系统研究及应用

Research and Application of Computer Optimization Open-Loop Well Killing Software System

由于钻井总体技术水平的制约,及缺少先进的井控装置,油田现场主要依靠技术人员的经验判断进行节流调节。但是,这样的操作具有很大的差异性,且存在一定的主观性和盲目性,极易造成地层被压漏或发生溢流,导致井下压力系统复杂化,贻误安全压井时机,并可能酿成事故。基于气液两相流理论,建立了压力实时监测模板,并利用各项技术形成了计算机优化压井开环控制系统。阐述了该系统的工作原理,详细介绍了溢流压井中防地层破裂监测模板、防套管鞋处压裂监测模板、防节流相关装备损坏模板、防泵入相关装备损坏模板等的软件功能设计与实现。该系统在中国石油CPOE3平台进行了模拟开环控制试验,结果表明,该系统计算分析能力强、安全可靠,在压井过程中反应及时、命令果断、执行准确,取得了预期效果。

The choke valve adjustment in field was mainly relied on technicians＇ field experience due to the limit of drilling technology and lack of advanced well control equipment. There is certain subjectivity and blindness and prone to large errors which result in formation leakage and overflow. All these may cause complexity of downhole pressure system, thereby adversely affecting the safety killing time, and may lead to accidents. The real-time pressure monitoring module is established using gas-liquid two-phase flow theory,and an open-loop well killing system was developed. The paper describes working principle of this system. The software design and implement of the following modules were introduced, including prevention fracturing formation,prevention easing shoe broken down, prevention choke valves and associated equipments damage,and prevention pumping equipment damage. The application of this system in CPOE3 drilling platform of Petrochina shows that it is sa^e and reliable. Its calculation and analysis are correct. The in time response, decisive command＂ and accurate execution meet the expectation.