异化归化 谁主江山——刍议我国文学翻译策略认知发展状况

DOMESTICATION AND FOREIGNIZATION——Views on the Development of Translating Strategies in Chinese Literary Translation

异化归化是文学翻译的两种策略,翻译研究从直译意译到异化归化完成了从方法到策略的飞跃。回顾我国近百年文学翻译史,归化为主、异化为辅的宏观轨迹一目了然。异化翻译试图通过译文求新求异,以促进本土语言和文化更好地发展;归化翻译则力求异质因子本土化,用来迎合社会、政治及文化要求。虽然在我国异化派和归化派曾为主宰文学翻译策略据理力争、互不相让,但是依据辩证分析,不难看出二者之间不存在非彼即我、你死我活的绝对对抗,而是既对立又统一的。

Both foreignization and domestication are translating strategies in translation studies, the focus of which begins to turn from arguments on literal translation and liberal translation to those on foreignization and domestication, leaping from methods to strategies. According to the history of Chinese literary translation in the last century, it＇s no doubt that domestication is more employed in translation than foreiguization. Foreignization resorts to foreignness and its promotion to source language and culture, while by domestication foreignness of source-language text is domesticated for sake of certain social, politic and cultural factors. Though schools of foreignization and domestication disagree with each other on which of the two strategies is better, dialectically foreignization and domestication belong to unity of opposites.