论陈三立的忧国恤民诗

On Chen Sanli′s Poetry on His Worries about the State and His Sympathy for the People

近代大诗人陈三立始终抱有忧国之心,从中法战争、甲午战争、八国联军攻陷北京、东三省日俄大战到清朝廷的腐败无能,思想界的混乱,所谓新政的弊端,无不写入其诗中。诗中盼望全民皆兵、全民教育。入民国,他对袁世凯政权予以无情讽刺,哀叹北洋时期的军阀争战。诗从不同方面反映了清末民初的沧桑世变,谓之诗史,当之无愧;陈三立有着改变国弱民贫境况的强烈意识,极为忧虑近代以来中华民族的深重危机,故其诗往往沉郁多讽,有着哀愤忧悲的浓重气氛。

The recent former great poet Chen Sanli had always been worried about the state and he wrote about the Sino-French war,the Sino-Japanese war,the war in which the invading troops of the Eight Powers assaulted and occupied Beijing,the Russo-Japanese war in three north-eastern provinces,revealing the corrupt and incompetent Qing court,intellectual confusion,drawbacks of the so-called New Policy.Also,he reflected his hope of army of anyone and education for all in his poems.During KMT＇s reign,he satirized ruthlessly Yuan Shikai＇s regime and bemoaned dogfights under the regime of the Northern warlords.He regarded the people＇s hardship as his own illness and created poems to reveal the livelihood difficulties under the oppression of exorbitant taxes and levies in Qing Dynasty.Whenever in times of rain disaster,drought disaster,plague of locusts and war disaster,he would always be concerned and bemoaned about it.From different perspectives,this type of poems reflected great changes which had taken place since the ending of Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the KMT＇s reign,which,therefore,deserve the good name of History of Poetry.Having got into the idea of the heaven-born civil′s intelligence reflected in Yanfu′s translation books,he learned to look on things with the theory of Evolution;with the strong awareness of changing the condition of the weak state and the poor people,he is extremely worried about the deep crisis of Chinese people from recent times： so his poems tended to be serious,melancholy,ironic in a deep sad and grief atmosphere.