纳洛酮治疗中重度急性酒精中毒199例分析

199 Cases of Treatment of Moderate and Severe Acute Alcoholism with Naloxone

目的探讨纳洛酮对中重度急性酒精中毒的治疗作用。方法将昆明理工大学校医院自2007年1月-2010年3月收治的符合急性酒精中毒诊断标准的396例中重度急性酒精中毒患者随机分为两组,治疗组199例,对照组197例。两组动作失调、躁动、语无伦次、眼球震颤、呕吐、嗜睡、昏迷等方面差异无统计学意义具有可比性,对照组给予常规治疗,治疗组用常规治疗加用纳洛酮,纳洛酮首次用量为:兴奋期及共济失调期0.4～0.8 mg,一般无需重复用药。昏睡或昏迷期用纳洛酮0.8 mg,根据病情1 h仍未清醒者,重复使用纳洛酮0.4～0.8 mg直至清醒并准确记录患者清醒时间。结果治疗组清醒时间(150±50)m in,对照组清醒时间(280±70)m in,两组疗效差异显著。结论表明盐酸纳洛酮治疗中重度急性酒精中毒具有显效快、疗程短、疗效确切、副作用少等优点。

Objective To investigate the effect of naloxone on the treatment of moderate and severe acute alcoholism. Methods 396 patients （which matched up to acute alcoholism between January of 2007 to March of 2010） were divided into two groups, treatment group（ 199 cases） and control group（ 197 cases）. In terms of asynergia, dysphori＇a, allophasis, nystagmus, drowsiness, vomit, and stupefaction, there was little difference between the control group and treatment group. The control group received conventional treatment, treatment group received both conventional therapy and naloxone. In excitement and progressive ataxia, the first dosage of naloxone was 0.4 - 0.8 rag. Usually, naloxone was used one time. In drowsiness and stupefaction, the dosage of nal- oxone was 0.8 mg. If the patients cannot regain consciousness in one hour,naloxone was used again,the dosage of naloxone was 0.4 - 0.8 mg. Until patient regained consciousness, the time of patients regaining consciousness was written down. Results The treatment group awake time was （150 ± 50）minutes, while the control group awake＇ time was （280 ± 70 ）minutes, The results showed two groups were significantly different. Conclusion It showed that naloxone hydrochloride had the advantages of markedly faster,shorter course,curative effect and fewer side effects etc on treatment of moderate to severe acute alcoholism.